13 - Télévision, la quête de l’indépendance
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Itania Maria Mota Gomes
Forty Years of Jornal Nacional, from the Rede Globo de Television
Le Temps des médias n°13, Hiver 2009-2010, p. 56-72.This article studies the history of the relations of political and economical reliance and independance of Brazilian television, through the study of TV Globo and its principal newscast, the Jornal Nacional - the oldest program still broadcast in Brazil. Created on September 1st, 1969, this program can be seen as the fruit born of the interests of the political and economical elite meeting, in the 1960s and 1970s, the political and economical interests of the military, at the same time national cultural market was emerging. The expansion of Brazilian television is linked to the military regime (1964-1985), to the National Security and Development Doctrine, and to the idea on national integration. Are underlinded in this paper the major political and economical movements allowing for the development of TV Globo - including the creation of its Globo standard for quality, a combination of economical, commercial, political, technological and aesthetical strategies. TV Globo is seen as the network with the best understanding of the potential of the media, turning its programming into a product of mass consumption. In conclusion, we will examine more recent data on the Jornal Nacional and make a brief analysis of the situation of the Globo network within national and global contexts.
